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This paper includes reasons to suspect that vacuum is not a void, but rather a matrix of touching protons and unpaired electrons (possibly Bose-Einstein condensed hydrogen). Quotes are included from scientists, including Sir J.J. Thomson, that indicate hydrogen gas has been produced in and from vacuum. Quotes from Christiaan Huygens and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrate that their electromagnetic equations were developed assuming a matrix of touching material particles. Quotes from Albert Einstein indicate that in employing Maxwell's equations, he was unknowingly assuming the presence of a material ether. The techniques for producing hydrogen from vacuum (the ether?) require the input of considerable energy. Conversion of hydrogen into the matrix (the ether?) would produce considerable energy. Could the energy produced in lightning storms be the result of conversion of hydrogen in the water of moist air into ether under high voltage electrical discharge?

Results of experiments reported by eminent scientists prior to 19930, along with results of my own experiments have convinced me that hydrogen gas has been prepared in and from a vacuum. This suggests that vacuum is not a void but, rather, a concentrated matrix of protons and electrons which may be Bose-Einstein condensed hydrogen. Such a condensate might be expected to have zero viscosity as does liquid helium below 2?K. The proposed matrix may be the ether (or aether) accepted as fact by great scientists of the 19th century. A matrix made up of unpaired electrons and protons would be expected to have a dielectric constant magnetic permeability, as does vacuum. Can a void have such properties? Many other physical phenomena including the apparent dual nature of light and the apparent wave-like nature of the electron can easily be explained, if one accepts such an ether. The paper will include simple explanations for the apparent variation of time and mass with velocity through the matrix. A simple solution to the twin paradox will be given.

The Toth-Maatian Review is a quarterly publication of the Toth-Maatian Society under the aegis of the Toth-Maatian Press. It appears in April (#1), July, October, and January... The current editor-in-chief is Harold Willis Milnes, Ph.D. The publicity editor is John J. Durie...

The Review is intended to be, primarily, a medium for publication of scholarly criticisms of outstanding endeavors in the arts, sciences, medicine, law, and business. The word criticism is used here in the true sense, as the evaluation of the ideas, theories and thoughts of leading minds, whihc have contributed to civilization with artistic compositions, and have created works of significant merit that are worthy of recognition. This may be regarded as taking place in present times or having done so in the past. Criticism, in this sense, cannot fail, firtst, to shed light upon the positive aspects of such works, and, second, to correct and strengthen the basis of philosophy on which they were founded. It is hoped that the critical reviews appearing in this Journal will adhere to principles of reason acceptable to Toth, who is the god of reason, according to the ancient Egyptians, and Maat, goddess of Absolute Truth, who has ever been dear to mankind since the earliest days when cultural development began.

The publication is intended to be of interest to that class of readers who are possessed of an especial competence in some particular field of specialization, but who, nevertheless, do not confine their interests to that narrow area, but care to be broadly informed in others as well. Despite its name and principle purpose, the Review is not a review publication, soley. Its pages are intended to contain articles of an original character, as well, that have scholarly merit. Authors wishing to avail themselves of the Review as a medium for publication of either critical essays or original compositions, are limited only in the requirement that their papers have scholarly merit; that the topic they have chosen to discuss shall have a general appeal to literati; and that their ideas be clearly and simply expressed in adequate literary style.
"The Toth-Maatian Review, which [Harold Milnes] edited and published almost to the time of his death, was like no other journal. It had room for poetry, original short stories, essays, scientific and mathematical papers, and Harold?s own "Tales of Toth", a serialized fiction presenting in an original format his views on what is wrong with modern science. (Toth [Thoth] was the Egyptian god of wisdom and magic, Maat the goddess of truth, etc.) Here he exposed also, among other things, his own ?elementary? theory of gravitation. His editorial policy was unique. He worked without referees and, as far as I know, never denied publication to anyone who seriously sought it. The dire degradation of quality predicted by established editorial dogma never happened... Many original ideas in science originating from around the world first appeared in T.-M.R. - which will remain Harold Milnes?s monument." - From In Memoriam by T. E. Phipps, Jr. [Galilean Electrodynamics, V17, N3, p. 42 (2006)]

The Toth-Maatian Review is a quarterly publication of the Toth-Maatian Society under the aegis of the Toth-Maatian Press. It appears in April (#1), July, October, and January... The current editor-in-chief is Harold Willis Milnes, Ph.D. The publicity editor is John J. Durie...

The Review is intended to be, primarily, a medium for publication of scholarly criticisms of outstanding endeavors in the arts, sciences, medicine, law, and business. The word criticism is used here in the true sense, as the evaluation of the ideas, theories and thoughts of leading minds, whihc have contributed to civilization with artistic compositions, and have created works of significant merit that are worthy of recognition. This may be regarded as taking place in present times or having done so in the past. Criticism, in this sense, cannot fail, firtst, to shed light upon the positive aspects of such works, and, second, to correct and strengthen the basis of philosophy on which they were founded. It is hoped that the critical reviews appearing in this Journal will adhere to principles of reason acceptable to Toth, who is the god of reason, according to the ancient Egyptians, and Maat, goddess of Absolute Truth, who has ever been dear to mankind since the earliest days when cultural development began.

The publication is intended to be of interest to that class of readers who are possessed of an especial competence in some particular field of specialization, but who, nevertheless, do not confine their interests to that narrow area, but care to be broadly informed in others as well. Despite its name and principle purpose, the Review is not a review publication, soley. Its pages are intended to contain articles of an original character, as well, that have scholarly merit. Authors wishing to avail themselves of the Review as a medium for publication of either critical essays or original compositions, are limited only in the requirement that their papers have scholarly merit; that the topic they have chosen to discuss shall have a general appeal to literati; and that their ideas be clearly and simply expressed in adequate literary style...

"The Toth-Maatian Review, which [Harold Milnes] edited and published almost to the time of his death, was like no other journal. It had room for poetry, original short stories, essays, scientific and mathematical papers, and Harold?s own "Tales of Toth", a serialized fiction presenting in an original format his views on what is wrong with modern science. (Toth [Thoth] was the Egyptian god of wisdom and magic, Maat the goddess of truth, etc.) Here he exposed also, among other things, his own ?elementary? theory of gravitation. His editorial policy was unique. He worked without referees and, as far as I know, never denied publication to anyone who seriously sought it. The dire degradation of quality predicted by established editorial dogma never happened... Many original ideas in science originating from around the world first appeared in T.-M.R. - which will remain Harold Milnes?s monument." - From In Memoriam by T. E. Phipps, Jr. [Galilean Electrodynamics, V17, N3, p. 42 (2006)].

The Toth-Maatian Review is a quarterly publication of the Toth-Maatian Society under the aegis of the Toth-Maatian Press. It appears in April (#1), July, October, and January... The current editor-in-chief is Harold Willis Milnes, Ph.D. The publicity editor is John J. Durie...

The Review is intended to be, primarily, a medium for publication of scholarly criticisms of outstanding endeavors in the arts, sciences, medicine, law, and business. The word criticism is used here in the true sense, as the evaluation of the ideas, theories and thoughts of leading minds, whihc have contributed to civilization with artistic compositions, and have created works of significant merit that are worthy of recognition. This may be regarded as taking place in present times or having done so in the past. Criticism, in this sense, cannot fail, firtst, to shed light upon the positive aspects of such works, and, second, to correct and strengthen the basis of philosophy on which they were founded. It is hoped that the critical reviews appearing in this Journal will adhere to principles of reason acceptable to Toth, who is the god of reason, according to the ancient Egyptians, and Maat, goddess of Absolute Truth, who has ever been dear to mankind since the earliest days when cultural development began.

The publication is intended to be of interest to that class of readers who are possessed of an especial competence in some particular field of specialization, but who, nevertheless, do not confine their interests to that narrow area, but care to be broadly informed in others as well. Despite its name and principle purpose, the Review is not a review publication, soley. Its pages are intended to contain articles of an original character, as well, that have scholarly merit. Authors wishing to avail themselves of the Review as a medium for publication of either critical essays or original compositions, are limited only in the requirement that their papers have scholarly merit; that the topic they have chosen to discuss shall have a general appeal to literati; and that their ideas be clearly and simply expressed in adequate literary style...

"The Toth-Maatian Review, which [Harold Milnes] edited and published almost to the time of his death, was like no other journal. It had room for poetry, original short stories, essays, scientific and mathematical papers, and Harold?s own "Tales of Toth", a serialized fiction presenting in an original format his views on what is wrong with modern science. (Toth [Thoth] was the Egyptian god of wisdom and magic, Maat the goddess of truth, etc.) Here he exposed also, among other things, his own ?elementary? theory of gravitation. His editorial policy was unique. He worked without referees and, as far as I know, never denied publication to anyone who seriously sought it. The dire degradation of quality predicted by established editorial dogma never happened... Many original ideas in science originating from around the world first appeared in T.-M.R. - which will remain Harold Milnes?s monument." - From In Memoriam by T. E. Phipps, Jr. [Galilean Electrodynamics, V17, N3, p. 42 (2006)].

The Toth-Maatian Review is a quarterly publication of the Toth-Maatian Society under the aegis of the Toth-Maatian Press. It appears in April (#1), July, October, and January... The current editor-in-chief is Harold Willis Milnes, Ph.D. The publicity editor is John J. Durie...

The Review is intended to be, primarily, a medium for publication of scholarly criticisms of outstanding endeavors in the arts, sciences, medicine, law, and business. The word criticism is used here in the true sense, as the evaluation of the ideas, theories and thoughts of leading minds, whihc have contributed to civilization with artistic compositions, and have created works of significant merit that are worthy of recognition. This may be regarded as taking place in present times or having done so in the past. Criticism, in this sense, cannot fail, firtst, to shed light upon the positive aspects of such works, and, second, to correct and strengthen the basis of philosophy on which they were founded. It is hoped that the critical reviews appearing in this Journal will adhere to principles of reason acceptable to Toth, who is the god of reason, according to the ancient Egyptians, and Maat, goddess of Absolute Truth, who has ever been dear to mankind since the earliest days when cultural development began.

The publication is intended to be of interest to that class of readers who are possessed of an especial competence in some particular field of specialization, but who, nevertheless, do not confine their interests to that narrow area, but care to be broadly informed in others as well. Despite its name and principle purpose, the Review is not a review publication, soley. Its pages are intended to contain articles of an original character, as well, that have scholarly merit. Authors wishing to avail themselves of the Review as a medium for publication of either critical essays or original compositions, are limited only in the requirement that their papers have scholarly merit; that the topic they have chosen to discuss shall have a general appeal to literati; and that their ideas be clearly and simply expressed in adequate literary style...

"The Toth-Maatian Review, which [Harold Milnes] edited and published almost to the time of his death, was like no other journal. It had room for poetry, original short stories, essays, scientific and mathematical papers, and Harold?s own "Tales of Toth", a serialized fiction presenting in an original format his views on what is wrong with modern science. (Toth [Thoth] was the Egyptian god of wisdom and magic, Maat the goddess of truth, etc.) Here he exposed also, among other things, his own ?elementary? theory of gravitation. His editorial policy was unique. He worked without referees and, as far as I know, never denied publication to anyone who seriously sought it. The dire degradation of quality predicted by established editorial dogma never happened... Many original ideas in science originating from around the world first appeared in T.-M.R. - which will remain Harold Milnes?s monument." - From In Memoriam by T. E. Phipps, Jr. [Galilean Electrodynamics, V17, N3, p. 42 (2006)].