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Einstein was queried about the huge numbers of short-lived heavy particles found using high-energy accelerators. Einstein was a careful thinker and replied, ?I would just like to know what an electron is.? He implied that the pedestrian electron, was more important to science than billions spent on accelerators. Einstein saw the electron as the leading player in the Universe. But it did not behave like a discrete particle. Something was wrong and Einstein knew it.

Answering Einstein. This article shows that the electron is indeed the leading player in the universe, deeply involved with the Laws of Nature. We follow suggestions by William Clifford (1876) and Irwin Schroedinger (1989) to reject the discrete-particle electron and replace it with a wave-electron. The Scalar Waves of the electron are the only solution of the only Scalar-Wave Equation in Schroedinger's space. Amazingly, it is found that the wave-electron predicts all the experimental properties of the electron. And, It is the origin of all the Natural Laws, fulfilling Einstein's intuition.

The Truth of Nature. In Einstein's mind the electron was the origin of the natural laws that underlie technology. This article carefully examines the evidence for the truth of Nature revealing that his intuition was right. You, the reader, will find many treasured concepts are not true.

This article introduces other articles in this edition of Galilean Electrodynamics. Topics below are:

1. The wave equations of Principle I of the Wave Structure of Matter (WSM)
2. The Doppler effect between two charged particles
3. Principle II of the WSM

The WSM is of interest to every curious person who has puzzled over the meaning of space and the Universe. Until now the origin of the Natural Laws had been unknown although many persons have sought a The Theory of Everything. The unique feature of the Wave Structure of Matter is to replace the concept of a discrete material particle. The WSM is simple ? Only one wave medium, space, and its two properties, Principles I and II, are needed to obtain the laws of Nature that underlie all science. Applications have appeared in industries where their bottom line is dependent on scientific truth, such as the development of computer chips by Hitachi Corp., and by Professor Carver Mead at the California Institute of Technology for Intel Corp.

The origin of the mysterious quantum spin of the electron and other charged ?particles? is shown to be a result of the Wave Structure of Matter (WSM). Spin is a spherical rotation in quantum space of the inward quantum waves of an electron at the electron wave-center to become the outward waves. Spherical rotation, a unique property of 3D space, can be described using SU(2) group theory algebra. The WSM spin agrees completely with the theoretical spin derived by Dirac (1929), and shows the physical origin of his Dirac Equation.

Light is an energy exchange between electrons that dominates communication throughout the Universe. However, until recently neither the exchange mechanism, nor the electron structure, nor the structure of any matter was known. When asked his opinion of the growing resonance data of hadrons from accelerators, Einstein replied: I would just like to know what an electron is. The structure of the electron, its energy exchange mechanism and Einstein's question are answered below. It is shown that the Natural Laws originate from a wave structure of the electron and all matter. New applications are described.

* presented at the Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Los Angeles, 22-27 February 2004

The relativistic mass-increase and Doppler shift formulae are derived solely from the conservation laws and the assumption of symmetry between a wave source and a wave receiver which have no preferred frame of motion. The Lorentz Transformation is not used. This simple result makes a clear separation between the experimentally proven effects of mass increase and Doppler shift, and the controversial time and length contractions. It also adds further experimental evidence of the wave structure of matter discussed in earlier works. The origin of the mass increase and Doppler effect is attributed to the advanced and retarded waves in the quantum wave structure of the electron. The present result thus has great significance for the philosophy of physics.

Philosophers have often sought the origin of Natural laws in a relationship between the microscopic world and the vast universe. Until recently, before large telescopes and technology were capable of deepspace investigation, there was no knowledge to support such inquiries. But now asking relatively simple questions can provide surprising answers!

This article asks: How are units of measure, time and length as elements of the laws, communicated between particles? What distance scale do particles use to communicate their location? Where is the universal clock of time? What is the relation between laws, particles, and the universe? Surprisingly, the answers to these questions reveal eight ways of the Universe which demarcate:

1. The character of the laws
2. The structure of a particle
3. The role of the universe

Using these ways, or attributes of behavior, it is concluded that:

1. Particles must be a wave structure composed of advanced and retarded quantum waves from an oscillator whose frequency is a property of an ether-like medium.
2. The waves link all matter together to produce Machian natural laws.
3. These quantum waves pervade the universe to an extent previously only suspected.
4. The natural laws are a mathematical result of the wave structure.

It is shown that the relativistic Doppler shift and mass-increase formulas can be derived solely from the conservation laws and the assumption of symmetry between a wave source and a wave receiver which have no preferred frame of motion. The Lorentz transformation is not required.

This simple result has great significance for the philosophy of physics because it makes a clear separation between the experimentally prover) Doppler effect and mass increase, and the controversial length and time changes. It adds further experimental evidence of the wave structure of matter.

Not surprisingly, the origins of relativity are found in the quantum behavior of matter and the way in which energy (light) is exchanged between two charged particles (wave resonances). The relativistic mass increase is a result of the Doppler changes of frequency of the advanced and retarded spherical waves from the electron. These spherical waves produce the correct mass increase, regardless of whether the two electrons are moving together or apart. This unusual combined Doppler change results from the symmetry of the advanced and retarded waves. This mechanism is also responsible for the de Broglie wavelength, also in direction of relative electron motion.

In the last millennium, our knowledge of physics progressed to understanding that objects obey fixed laws of nature. We devised sophisticated technology to aid our survival on Earth: industrial machines, computers, spacecraft. But until recently our knowledge ended there. Philosophers have sought the basis of Natural laws in relationships between micro-physics and the vast universe. Before space-technology, there was no knowledge to support such inquiries.

Now, investigating the relationships between particles, the natural laws, and the universe we learn that matter and laws are inter-dependent. Behind the scenes in a totally quantum universe, every particle communicates its wave state with all other matter so that energy exchange and the laws of physics are properties of the entire ensemble. The medium of communication is the ether which also depends on the matter ensemble, with new and surprising properties. We see this communication in Mach's Principle which reveals that the matter ensemble is the origin of inertia.

A Self-contained Universe. The extraordinary import of the ether-matter universe is that the laws of physics and the structure of matter ultimately depend upon waves from all other matter in a universe. Everything is interdependent.

The dual particle/wave nature of the electron has long been a paradox in physics.  I propose that the structure of the electron consists entirely of a configuration of waves whose behavior creates their particle-like appearance.  The correctness of this structure is supported by the physical laws which originate from this wave structure, including quantum theory, special relativity, electric force, gravity, and magnetism.  This type of structure is termed a Space Resonance.