Abstract

In 2001 Lori M. Lubin and Allan Sandage, using big-bang cosmology for interpreting the data, found the surface brightness of galaxies to be inversely proportional to about the third power of (1+z), while the contemporary big-bang cosmology predicts that the surface brightness is inversely proportional to the fourth power of (1+z). In contrast, these surface brightness observations are in agreement with the predictions of the plasma-redshift cosmology. Lubin and Sandage (2001) and Barden et al. (2005), who surmised the big-bang expansion, interpreted the observations to indicate that the diameters of galaxies are inversely proportional to (1+z). In contrast, when assuming plasma-redshift cosmology, the diameters of galaxies are observed to be constant independent of redshift and any expansion. Lubin and Sandage (2001) and Barden et al. (2005), when using big-bang cosmology, observed the average absolute magnitude of galaxies to decrease with redshift; while in plasma redshift cosmology it is a constant. Lubin and Sandage and Barden et al. suggested that a coherent evolution could explain the discrepancy between the observed relations and those predicted in the big-bang cosmology. We have failed to find support for this explanation. We consider the observed relations between the redshift and the surface-brightness, the galaxy diameter, and the absolute magnitude to be robust confirmations of plasma-redshift cosmology.. Comment: First presented at the NES-APS Meeting in Boston, MA, April 1, 2006. Only minor editorial changes from v1 to v2.