Abstract

The sun looses millions ot tons of mass every second in the form ot radiation and solar wind. The same is true of hundreds of billions of stars in all galaxies. Galactic matter and energy also are ejected by other phenomena. Thus galaxies, as well as stars, gradually die. Radiation leaves at c, and much of the matter is ejected at above escape velocity. Most of both goes into intergalactic space. There it accumulates in 'clouds' from which new galaxies form in a vast, non-expanding, recycling universe. (The necessary accretion of matter in a rapidly expanding universe is impossible.) Hydrogen needed for new stars is largely absent in the ejected matter. However, either hydrogen, its component particles, or the energy from which they are formed, is abundant in space. The ejected matter that surrounds galaxies in an approximately inverse square distribution provides the dark matter that flattens the rotation curves of galaxies. Radiation throughout the spectrum is produced in the star-forming process, some at which is thermalized by that matter, resulting in the observed microwave spectrum. Either that matter, hydrogen or its components provide the 'ether' that results, in tired light Compton scattered redshift Our recycling universe depends on neither relativity, nor on quantum theory in its present imperfect form.