Adventures in Applied Topology..... Continuous topological evolution can be used to encode non equilibrium thermodynamic systems and irreversible processes without the use of statistics or probability. Such methods are universal and apply to systems from the microscale to the cosmological scale. Thermodynamic irreversibility and the arrow of time are artifacts of topological change in four dimensions or more.
einstein alluded to the fact that thermodynamics is the most fundamental of the sciences. Yet classical thermodynamics has been more or less restricted to the study of idealistic equilibrium systems in terms of statistical methods. This book describes how a new perspective of continuous topological evolution can be used to describe the dynamics of Non-Equilibrium real world systems. Surprisingly, the topological methods are universal and apply to many diverse physical, chemical, biological and even economic and political systems. such systems consist of a multitude of different, topologically cherent, possibly self organizing, synergistic components, which extract energy from, and deliver waste to, their environments.
