Abstract

Three observations provide the fundamental basis for the standard cosmology featuring the Big Bang (BB) concept of universal origins: 1) The observed expansion of the Universe (usually interpreted in the framework of relativity as an expansion of the metric of space); 2) The 2.7 K cosmic background radiation (CBR), interpreted as a remnant of the BB; 3) The apparently successful explanation of the relative abundance of the light elements. Oddly, the same three observations serve even better as the fundamental basis for a different concept: the Little Bangs (LB)/FLINE model of universal origins that intermeshes precisely with the Four Laws of Planetary Motion and the 5-stage evolution of planets and moons via internal nucleo-synthesis that drives all universal evolution. Recent evidence of galaxies so distant that light now arriving at telescopes reflects conditions of the galaxies at least 12.7 billion years ago: stars were appearing "at a prodigious rate" - as predicted by the LB concept. Conversely, the BB provides little, if any, substantiated method for continuous or evolutionary functions of universal systems. This paper concentrates on the 2.7 K CBR, providing strong evidence against the concept of radiation existing as a leftover remnant of the BB. Substantiated evidence reveals the powerful and intimate connection between the 2.7 K CBR and the LB/FLINE model of universal origins. Microwave radiation is relatively short-lived, and must have a constant source to produce it continuously.